Barium titanate (BaTiO₃) is a perovskite-structured ceramic material widely appreciated for its impressive dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties. In nanopowder form—with 99.9% purity and an average particle size of 50 nanometers—BaTiO₃ finds use in advanced electronic and energy applications. Its nanoscale dimensions enhance surface area, sinterability, and reactivity, making it indispensable in high-performance devices such as multilayer capacitors, piezoelectric sensors, and electro-optic components.
Composition and Structure
BaTiO₃ (Barium Titanate):
Barium titanate features a perovskite crystal structure, typified by the ABO₃ formula. Its ferroelectricity arises from the displacement of Ti⁴⁺ ions within the crystal lattice. At the nanoscale (50 nm), this displacement is more pronounced, often resulting in enhanced dielectric and piezoelectric responses.
Purity (99.9%):
The 99.9% purity ensures minimal impurities or secondary phases, promoting consistent performance in sensitive electronic components. High purity is essential for reproducibility and reliability in advanced manufacturing processes.
Particle Size (50 nm):
The ultrafine particle size increases the powder’s surface area and reactivity. It supports lower sintering temperatures, aids in achieving dense ceramic bodies, and improves the electrical characteristics in final devices.
Properties
High Dielectric Constant:
BaTiO₃ nanopowder exhibits a notably high dielectric constant, making it suitable for applications where strong capacitance in small volumes is required, such as in multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs).
Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Behavior:
The intrinsic ferroelectric nature of BaTiO₃ enables hysteresis in polarization. When processed in nanopowder form, these ferroelectric properties can be fine-tuned for piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers.
Thermal Stability:
Barium titanate maintains stable electrical properties over a broad temperature range, contributing to reliable performance in devices exposed to varying thermal conditions.
Optical Transparency (in Dense Form):
In suitably processed dense ceramics, BaTiO₃ can achieve partial optical transparency, relevant in electro-optic and photonic applications.
Applications
Multilayer Ceramic Capacitors (MLCCs):
BaTiO₃’s high dielectric constant allows for the production of compact capacitors with large capacitance values, essential in modern electronics ranging from smartphones to power supplies.
Piezoelectric Sensors and Actuators:
The strong piezoelectric coefficients of BaTiO₃ make it ideal for sensors detecting pressure, acceleration, or force, and for actuators converting electrical signals into mechanical motion.
Electro-Optic Devices:
Its ferroelectric and electro-optic properties support applications in light modulators, adaptive lenses, and optical switches, benefiting high-speed communication and imaging technologies.
Energy Harvesting and Storage:
In nanocomposite form, BaTiO₃ can boost the performance of energy-harvesting devices. It is also investigated for use in supercapacitors and other advanced energy storage systems.
Dielectric Resonators and Filters:
The stable, high dielectric constant of BaTiO₃ aids in fabricating compact microwave resonators and filters used in telecommunication and radar systems.
Recent Advancements and Research Contributions
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), USA:
Exploring nanoscale BaTiO₃ for capacitive energy storage and miniaturized piezoelectric sensors, focusing on achieving higher dielectric strengths and reduced leakage currents.
Tsinghua University, China:
Developing BaTiO₃-based nanocomposites for wearable electronics and environmental energy harvesting, enhancing mechanical flexibility and piezoelectric output.
National University of Singapore (NUS):
Investigating BaTiO₃ nanopowder for tunable photonic crystals and electro-optic devices, aiming to integrate them into next-generation optical communication systems.
University of Cambridge, UK:
Focusing on low-temperature sintering processes and surface modification of BaTiO₃ nanopowder to optimize material homogeneity and reliability in advanced ceramics.
Recent Developments
- Nanocomposite Engineering: Combining BaTiO₃ with polymers or other ceramic phases to create flexible, high-performance capacitors and sensors.
- 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing: Adapting BaTiO₃ nanopowder for inkjet printing or extrusion-based methods, enabling complex geometries in electronics and sensors.
- Surface Functionalization: Improving nanoparticle dispersion and interface bonding within composites, leading to enhanced dielectric and mechanical performance.
Future Prospects
Barium titanate nanopowder (BaTiO₃, 99.9%, 50 nm) stands at the forefront of modern electronics and energy applications. As research and development continue, BaTiO₃ nanopowder is expected to:
- Enable the next generation of compact, high-capacitance MLCCs.
- Advance robust piezoelectric sensors, actuators, and transducers for industrial automation and consumer electronics.
- Contribute to breakthroughs in electro-optic modulation for high-speed communication.
With its combination of strong dielectric, ferroelectric, and piezoelectric properties, BaTiO₃ nanopowder remains a cornerstone material in the pursuit of miniaturized, high-performance electronic and photonic devices, driving innovation and efficiency across multiple industries.
| Measurement (gr) | 100 grams, 500 grams, 1000 grams |
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