Zinc Oxide Nanopowder (ZnO, 99+%, 35-45 nm)

Zinc oxide nanopowder (ZnO, 99+%, 35-45 nm) is a high-purity material with remarkable properties, making it suitable for a wide array of industrial, medical, and environmental applications. Its particle size of 35-45 nm and purity of 99+% ensure enhanced reactivity, surface area, and performance in specialized uses.

Composition and Structure

ZnO (Zinc Oxide):
Zinc oxide is a binary compound consisting of zinc and oxygen, typically in a hexagonal wurtzite structure. This structure is known for its semiconducting and piezoelectric properties, which contribute to its broad applicability in electronic and optical devices. ZnO also possesses unique optical properties, including efficient UV absorption and photoluminescence.
Purity (99+%):
With a purity of 99+%, this nanopowder contains very few impurities, ensuring its suitability for high-precision applications, particularly where consistent material properties are crucial. This high purity is essential for sensitive processes like drug delivery, electronics manufacturing, and optical devices.
Particle Size (35-45 nm):
The particle size range of 35-45 nm provides a balance between high surface area and material stability. It enhances the reactivity of ZnO while maintaining its structural integrity for various applications. The small particle size also contributes to its ability to catalyze chemical reactions and interact with light, making it valuable in photonic and catalytic technologies.

Properties

1. Optical Properties:
   ZnO is well-regarded for its wide-bandgap and UV-blocking properties, which make it ideal for use in UV protection applications like sunscreens and coatings. It also exhibits strong photoluminescence properties, which are useful in optoelectronic devices such as LEDs and lasers.
2. Semiconductor Properties:
   As a semiconductor, ZnO possesses a direct bandgap of 3.37 eV, making it suitable for use in optoelectronic devices, including photodetectors, solar cells, and light-emitting diodes. Its ability to conduct electricity under certain conditions adds to its utility in various electronic applications.
3. Catalytic Activity:
   ZnO nanopowder demonstrates significant catalytic activity, especially in photocatalysis, where it can decompose pollutants or generate hydrogen. Its role as a catalyst in chemical reactions, such as oxidation, is key in environmental applications like water purification and pollution control.
4. Antimicrobial Properties:
   ZnO nanoparticles have been shown to exhibit strong antibacterial and antifungal properties. This makes them valuable in a wide range of applications, from personal care products to antimicrobial coatings for medical devices and textiles.

Applications

1. Electronics and Optoelectronics:
Semiconductors:
ZnO nanopowder is a vital component in the development of semiconductor devices, such as transistors, diodes, and thin-film solar cells. Its semiconductor properties allow it to be used in a variety of optoelectronic devices, from photodetectors to transistors and laser diodes.
LEDs and Lasers:
ZnO is utilized in the production of ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and lasers. These devices are used in applications such as data storage, communication systems, and UV sterilization. ZnO’s efficient emission properties also make it suitable for optoelectronic displays and sensors.
Transparent Electronics:
Due to its transparent nature in thin-film form, ZnO is being explored for use in transparent electronics, including displays, touchscreens, and flexible electronics, where high conductivity and optical transparency are needed simultaneously.

2. Health and Medicine:
Antibacterial and Antifungal Agents:
ZnO nanopowder is commonly used in cosmetics and personal care products for its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi. It is found in sunscreens, ointments, and creams due to its antimicrobial properties and its ability to block harmful UV rays.
Drug Delivery Systems:
ZnO nanoparticles are also being studied for use in drug delivery systems, where their small size and high surface area allow for the efficient encapsulation and controlled release of therapeutic agents. ZnO-based systems have been explored for cancer treatment and gene delivery applications.

3. Environmental Applications:
Water and Air Purification:
ZnO is an effective photocatalyst, meaning it can degrade organic pollutants and pathogens in water and air when exposed to UV light. ZnO nanopowder is used in water purification systems to break down harmful chemicals and pathogens, improving water quality. It is also used in air purification systems to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other pollutants.
Pollution Control:
ZnO is used in various environmental remediation processes, including the removal of heavy metals and harmful substances from water and soil. Its catalytic properties help accelerate the degradation of pollutants, making it valuable in green chemistry and environmental cleanup projects.

4. Consumer Products and Industrial Coatings:
Sunscreens and Cosmetics:
ZnO nanopowder is a key ingredient in many sunscreens due to its excellent ability to block UV radiation. Its antimicrobial properties also make it effective in personal care products like deodorants and acne creams.
Antimicrobial Coatings:
ZnO is used in antimicrobial coatings for textiles, medical devices, and building materials. These coatings help reduce the spread of infections and maintain hygienic conditions in healthcare settings.

5. Research and Development:
ZnO nanopowder is extensively used in research, particularly in the fields of nanotechnology, materials science, and nanomedicine. Its unique properties make it ideal for investigating new applications, such as energy harvesting, piezoelectric devices, and nanostructure-based sensors.

Safety and Handling

Health Considerations:
Although ZnO is considered relatively safe for external use, inhalation of nanoparticle dust can pose health risks. Proper safety measures, such as using masks, gloves, and other protective gear, are recommended when handling ZnO nanopowder.
Environmental Impact:
ZnO nanoparticles are generally considered to have low toxicity to the environment. However, research into the long-term environmental impact of nanoparticles is ongoing. It is important to handle and dispose of ZnO nanopowder responsibly to avoid potential ecological effects.

Summary

Zinc oxide nanopowder (ZnO, 99+%, 35-45 nm) is a highly pure and versatile material with a wide range of applications. Its semiconductor, optical, catalytic, and antimicrobial properties make it indispensable in industries such as electronics, healthcare, environmental science, and consumer products. With ongoing research exploring new uses, ZnO continues to be a key material in the development of advanced technologies and sustainable solutions.